9/1/2023 0 Comments Guam coconut rhinoceros beetle![]() ![]() ![]() Īctive management of ESA-listed tree species should include frequent surveys by species experts to determine the status of known threats and document any nascent developments of previously unknown threats. The documented and projected plant mortality led to the assignment of Endangered status on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List and Threatened status on the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA). Sustained damage following the invasions of these non-native herbivores led to irruptions of the native stem borer Dihammus marianarum Aurivillius. These included the armored scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi, the Cycas-specific Chilades pandava Horsfield butterfly, the leaf miner Erechthias Meyrick sp, and the termite Schedorhinotermes longirostris Brauer. micronesica due to the invasions of several non-native insect herbivores since 2003. Ī substantial literature has accumulated on C. The indigenous range of this arborescent cycad includes the western Pacific islands from the Mariana Islands to Palau. Hill was the most abundant tree in Guam’s forests. The same 2002 survey indicated Cycas micronesica K.D. ![]() The ubiquitous coconut tree population and lack of biological control have led to a well-established CRB population throughout Guam. A 2002 survey of Guam’s forests indicated that coconut was the second most abundant tree species on Guam. The invasion of Guam by CRB was first documented in 2007. The common name of this herbivore is misleading, in that the reported host range for the adult stage is extensive. The adult beetles emerge from the dead and decaying tissues to begin the life stage that directly consumes liquids that are expressed by macerating metabolically active soft tissues in growing plant organs. The larval stage is 11–15 weeks in length, and the pupal stage is about 6 weeks in length. The female adult oviposits in and larvae feed on dead and decaying organic materials. ![]() micronesica population.Ĭoconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB) is a devastating pest of the economically important coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.). We add proximity to coconut tree habitats as a new threat to Guam’s endangered C. micronesica plants for a starch-rich diet within the concepts of the ‘ecological fitting’ hypothesis. Our findings indicate Guam’s unhealthy coconut trees are no longer nutrient-dense, and the female CRB population may have exhibited a phylogenetically distant host shift to the abundant C. micronesica was restricted to female CRB adults and was found throughout the full latitudinal gradient of Guam. The starch concentration of the tissue within the CRB burrow locations on C.
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